Cosmetics

Importance of in vitro testing for the 3R’s

Animal testing has long been a fundamental aspect in biomedical research, toxicology studies, and drug development. However, ethical concerns and scientific limitations have driven the development of alternative methods that align with the principles of the 3R’s: replacement, reduction, and refinement. In vitro testing has emerged as one of the most promising approaches to achieving…

Innovative Microphysiological Model Using HepatoXcell™ Primary Human Hepatocytes and Locsense Artemis

The development of a highly representative in vitro gut-liver model is essential for improving drug testing accuracy while minimizing the reliance on animal studies. Traditional animal models often fail to fully replicate human physiology, leading to discrepancies in drug metabolism and toxicity predictions.1 A physiologically relevant gut-liver system would provide a more accurate platform to…

Electrical impedance spectroscopy: to evaluate and monitororganotypic development and skin barrier function in vitro

For research into skin biology, diseases, and drug or chemical interactions, organotypic 3D human epidermal equivalents (HEEs) are frequently used. Studies heavily rely on end-points analysis for which HEEs are harvested to study cellular responses. Non-intrusive methods that enable longitudinal analysis by repetitive measurements can minimize batch effects, increase study reproducibility and maximize experimental throughput.…

Retina-on-chip: modeling and treating eye diseases in a dish

The human re􀆟na is a highly organized structure consis􀆟ng of neural re􀆟na, re􀆟nal pigment epithelial (RPE)cell layer, and vasculature, called the choroid (Figure 1). Current human cell models o􀅌en lack three-dimensional (3D) complexity of the human re􀆟na. Re􀆟nal diseases lead to photoreceptor cell death, causing progressive blindness (1). We are inves􀆟ga􀆟ng two par􀆟cular re􀆟nal diseases:…

Retina-on-chip: Designing a PDMS-based microfluidic chip with 2 μm-thick membranes for culture of iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium

Electrical impedance spectroscopy analysis to evaluateorganotypic epidermis formation and barrier function in vitro

For research into skin biology, diseases and drug or chemical interactions, organotypic 3D human epidermal equivalents (HEEs) are frequently used. Studies heavily rely on endpoints analysis for which HEEs are harvested to study cellular responses. Non-intrusive methods that enable longitudinal analysis by repetitive measurements can minimize batch effects, increase study reproducibility and maximize experimental throughput.…

Investigations into the FLG Null Phenotype:Showcasing the Methodology for CRISPR/Cas9Editing of Human Keratinocytes

Ever since the association between FLG loss-of-function variants and ichthyosis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis disease onset was identified, FLGs function has been under investigation. Intraindividual genomic predisposition, immunological confounders, and environmental interactions complicate the comparison between FLG genotypes and related causal effects. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated human FLG-knockout (DFLG) N/TERT-2G keratinocytes. FLG deficiency was shown…

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates epidermal differentiation through transient activation of TFAP2A

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an evolutionary conserved environmental sensor identified as indispensable regulator of epithelial homeostasis and barrier organ function. Molecular signaling cascade and target genes upon AHR activation and their contribution to cell and tissue function are however not fully understood. Multi-omics analyses using human skin keratinocytes revealed that, upon ligand activation,…

Electrical impedance spectroscopy quantifies skin barrier function in organotypic in vitro epidermis models

3 D human epidermal equivalents (HEEs) are a state‐of‐the‐art organotypic culture model in preclinical investigative dermatology and regulatory toxicology. Here, we investigated the utility of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for non–invasive measurement of HEE epidermal barrier function. Our setup comprised a custom–made lid fit with 12 electrode pairs aligned on the standard 24–transwell cell culture…

CLDN1 knock out keratinocytes as a model to investigate multiple skin disorders

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